In the intricate world of plant biology, researchers have long been fascinated by the complex mechanisms that govern growth and development. Among the most critical co 作者：K Oelkers·2008·被引用次数：234—We identified 114 new members of theCLEprotein family from various plant species, as well as five protein sequences containing multipleCLEdomains. mponents in this process are CLE peptides. If you have ever wondered about the cle peptide full form, 作者：Y Zhou·2024·被引用次数：8—TheCLAVATA3/EMBRYO-SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) genes encode proteins with a signal peptide at the N-terminus, a variable central domain, and it stands for CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE). These molecules represent a fascinating class of secreted peptide hormones that serve as the silent architects of plant structural integrity.
The Chemistry and Structure of CLE
At their core, CLE signals are relatively small, typically consisting of just 12 or 13 amino acids. A defining biochemical feature of these peptides is the presence of hydroxylated proline residues, which are essential for their bio Recent Advances in Arabidopsis CLE Peptide Signaling logical activity. These small non-cell autonomous signalling peptides are synthesized as larger precursor proteins containing a signal peptide at the N-terminus and a variable central domain. Through precise enzymatic processing—often described as proteolytic cleavage—the active, mature form is released to perform its function.
From my personal observations in laboratory settings, the elegance of this system lies in its specificity. These molecules act as a CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) signaling system, allowing different parts of the plant to "talk" to one another.
How CLE Peptides Are Used as Signaling Molecules
The primary role of these molecules is cell-to-cell communication. In the context of CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) pathways, the peptides are recognized by transmembrane leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs). When a CLE (CLAVATA3/embryo surrounding region (ESR)) peptide binds to its specific receptor, it triggers a cascade of intracellular events that regulate cell division rates and spatial orientation.
Whether we are observing the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION (ESR) dynamics in the shoot apical meristem or investigating the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO-SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) influence in root tips, the consistency of these signals is remarkable. They act as a "stop" or "go" signal for stem cells, ensuring that the plant maintains its structural balance.
Diversity and Evolution
The CLAVATA3 (CLV3) /Embryo Surrounding Region (CLE) family is one of the largest signaling peptide families identified in plants to date. For instance, in *Arabidopsis thaliana*, there are 32 distinct genes dedicated to this family. This diversity allows plants to fine-tune their development in response to environmental cues, such as nutrient availability or microbial interactions. 作者：CD Whitewoods·2021·被引用次数：54—CLEs aresmall non-cell autonomous signalling peptidesthat regulate cell division rate and orientation in a variety of developmental contexts.
The evolution of th 作者：CD Whitewoods·2021·被引用次数：54—CLEs aresmall non-cell autonomous signalling peptidesthat regulate cell division rate and orientation in a variety of developmental contexts. e CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING RE 作者：S Wang·2025·被引用次数：8—CLE peptidesare recognized by transmembrane leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs), which contain an extracellu- lar ligand- GION-related signaling pathway highlights how ancient and conserved these mechanisms are. By analyzing the CLAVATA3/Embryo Surrounding Region-related (CLE) gene sequences across various species, researchers have identified common motifs that confirm their evolutionary significance.
Final Thoughts
Engaging with the study of CLE peptides offers a profound look into the hidden language of plants. By acting as small non-cell autonomous signalling peptides, they bridge the gap between genetic instructions and physical form. Whether one is focusing on the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) in root developme CLE peptide signaling during plant development - PMC - NIH nt or the broader CLE landscape, it is clear that these secreted peptide hormones are essential to the vitality and organization of plant life.
For those interested in the technical nuances of CLE peptides, the field continues to evolve, with new toolboxes being developed to record their signaling activity in real-time, providing even deeper insights into how CLE peptides are used as signaling molecules in the natural world.