In the realm of biochemical research, the study of neuropeptides remains a cornerstone for understanding cellular signaling. Among these, Substance P stands out as a highly conserved molecule across various species. For those of us who track peptide products for research purposes, understanding the fundamental architecture of this molecule is essential.
The Structural Composition: Substance P Peptide Sequence
At its core, Substance P (SP) is defined as an 11- Molecular properties of substance P. a The primary amino acid-long neuropeptide. Its structural integrity is maintained by a specific arrangement of amino acids that dictate its biological behavior. When examining the amino acid sequence, researchers typically refer to the standard representation: Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2.
In laboratory documentation, this is often abbreviated using the single-letter code: RPKPQQFFGLM. This sequence is crucial for its identification and synthesis. The molecule is characterized by a C-terminal amide, which is a common modification in bioactive peptides, often denoted as {ARG}{PRO}{LYS}{PRO}{GLN}{GLN}{PHE}{PHE}{GLY}{LEU}{MET}-NH.
Chemical Properties and Molecular Data
For those maintaining precise logs of analytical standards, the molecular details are verifiable through various chemical databases. The mole Name: Galanin (1-13)-Substance P (5-11) amide · Sequence:GWTLNSAGYLLGPQQFFGLM-NH2· CAS Number: [138579-66-5] · Formula: C104H151N25O26S · Characteristics: None Read more cular formula for the native form is generally cited as C63H98N18O13S. However, variations exist depending on the synthesis process or specific analogs, such as the [Sar9] variant, which carries the formula C64H100N18O13S.
The Human Substance P peptide is a synthetic blocking peptide often utilized in experimental set by T Hökfelt·2001·Cited by 448—BV, blood vessel; CB, calbindin; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; CM, circular muscle; CR, calretinin; DRG, dorsal root Read more tings to study receptor interaction. Because it is a peptide mainly secreted by neurons, its role in systemic signaling is extensive. It functions as a vasoactive neuropeptide and is widely recognized as a sensory neuropeptide and inflammatory mediator.
Insights into Synthesis and Expression
The complexity of t Substance P (SP) his peptide is further highlighted by its genetic origin. The Substance P sequence is der gene. The deduced amino acid sequence of substance P is as follows:Arg Pro Lys Pro Gln Gln Phe Phe Gly Leu Met(RPKPQQFFGLM) with an amidation at the C Read more ived from the *PPT-A* gene. Interestingly, these sequences are expressed in three distinct mRNAs generated through differential RNA splicing, allowing for diverse physiological responses.
When comparing sequences, one might encounter related molecules like neurokinin A. It is worth noting that Substance P corresponds to amino acid 58-68 of neurokinin A precursor, illustrating the structural evolutionary links within the tachykinin family. Other complex deri Substance P [1-9] Peptide vatives, such as GWTLNSAGYLLGPQQFFGLM-NH2 (a combination peptide), are also documented in literature for specific binding studies.
Personal Perspective on Research Utility
From my experience in handling high-purity peptides, verifying the sequence via HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) is the first step in ensuring consistency. Whether one is investigating BV (blood vessel) interactions or general neuro-signaling, the purity—often required to be ≥95%—is non-negotiable.
Bovine substance P was historically significant in the early isolation and characterization of this molecule. Today, we rely on the standardized RPKPQQFFGLM sequence to ensure reproducibility in experiments. As a peptide that is highly conserved across the animal kingdom, its study continues to provide a window into the fundamental mechanisms of sensory and peripheral nervous systems.
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*Disclaimer: This article i Molecular properties of substance P. a The primary s for informational purposes for research enthusiasts and does not constitute medical, prescription, or human-use advice. Always adhere to laboratory safety protocols when handling research-grade chemicals.*