Vikings, Worms, and Emphysema

Digs & Discoveries May/June 2016

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Whipworm egg(Wikimedia Commons, Joel Mills)

The woeful state of Viking bathrooms could be a factor behind smokers’ coughs in Scandinavia. Sometimes in human evolution, populations adapt in ways that aren’t always beneficial in the long run. For example, the sickle-cell trait evolved in humans because it provides some protection against malaria, but people who inherit the trait from both parents develop sickle-cell disease, a serious blood disorder. In this new case, molecular biologists h

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