Ukraine's Lost Capital

Features September/October 2023

In 1708, Peter the Great destroyed Baturyn, a bastion of Cossack independence and culture
(Leonid Andronov/Alamy Stock Photo)
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Archaeologists have spent decades excavating the remnants of the Cossack capital of Baturyn in north-central Ukraine. Based on the excavation’s findings, the Ukrainian government has reconstructed the town’s citadel—including the wooden Church of the Resurrection, defensive walls, rampart, and moat—which was destroyed by Russian soldiers in 1708.

On November 2, 1708, thousands of Russian troops acting on the orders of Czar Peter I, known as Peter the Great, stormed Baturyn, the Cossac

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